Usually is more economical in price and has higher gloss, satin, and matte properties than varnish.Īrt All illustration material used in preparing a job for printing. See OPI.Īqueous coating A fast-drying, water-based, protective coating which is applied in-line on press using a coating unit. Application files are usually needed by a commercial printer when he/she cannot use the PDF file created by a designer.ĪPR (Automatic Picture Replacement) The automatic replacement of a low-resolution image by a high-resolution image. These files include the layout file created in programs such as QuarkXpress or Adobe Creative Suite as well as artwork files created in Photoshop, Illustrator, etc., and all font files. This also separates the sheets on a micro level so oxygen can react with the ink to enhance ink drying.Īntique finish A term describing the textured surface, usually on book and cover papers, that has a naturally rough finish to it.Īperture In photography, lens opening or lens stop expressed as an f/number such as f/22.Īpochromatic In photography, color-corrected lenses that focus the three colors blue, green, and red, in the same plane.Īpplication files Files used to create a design. Also used in keyless offset.Īnti-halation backing In photography, coating applied to the back of film to prevent halation.Īnti-offset or set-off spray In printing, dry spray of finely powdered starch used on press to prevent wet ink from transferring from the top of one sheet to the bottom of the next sheet. Now also being offered with new offset lithographic presses. The advantage of FM screening is that moiré patterns are no longer an issue.Īnalog color proof Off-press color proof made from separation films or files.Īniloxinking In flexography, two-roll inking system with a smooth fountain roll that transfers inks to an etched metal or ceramic-coated metal roll with cells of fixed size and depth that transfer the ink to the printing plate. See halftone.ĪM/FM screening This is an issue to discuss with your printer as to which screen option is more appropriate for your job. Hybrid screen combines AM and FM screening. This technique disappeared as film disappeared and is now done with image editing programs.Īlkaline paper Paper made with a synthetic alkaline size and an alkaline filler such as calcium carbonate that gives the paper many times the life (200 years) of acid-sized papers (40-50 years).ĪM (Amplitude Modulation) screening ( see also FM) Traditional halftone screening, as opposed to FM (Frequency Modulated) screening, has dots of variable size with equal spacing between dot centers. In electronic imaging, a retouching technique. In offset platemaking, a pumice used to remove unwanted areas. Used to correct and obtain tone or graduated tone effects. Also called crossgrain.Īirbrush A small pressure gun shaped like a pencil that sprays watercolor pigment. SPI is used for output devices, not input devices, where the equivalent term would be sampling count, that is measured in units of samples per image length, width, or area (not samples per inch).Īgainst the grain Folding or feeding paper at right angles to the grain direction of the paper. We also use the term "dpi" (dots per inch) as a measure for addressability. When lights of these colors are added together, they produce the sensation of white light.Īddressability The number of spots per inch (spi) or centi-meter (spc). In optics, the partial suppression of light through a transparent or translucent material.Īccordion fold In binding, a term used for two or more parallel folds that open like an accordionĪcrobat Adobe's Portable Document Format, referred to as PDF.Īdditive primaries In color reproduction, red, green, and blue (RGB). See PE's.Ībsorption The property that causes paper to absorb liquids or vapors in contact with it. If, however, the errors are attributable to the printer, these are PEs (printer's errors) and you don't pay for correcting them. If you (the customer) make changes to your original file, these are AAs and the printer can charge you for making them. Here's our list of common printing and graphic-arts terms, with simple, straightforward definitions you're sure to understand.ĪA Abbreviation for author's alterations. Author's alterations are changes made to a job after it has already been sent to a printer for production. Fortunately, you've found the ultimate translation guide. Sometimes it seems every industry speaks its own unique language, and printing is no exception. Welcome to Our Glossary of Printing Terms
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